The versatile 18-year-old will remain with the Robins for one month and could make his debut for the Derbyshire outfit on Saturday, when they host Whitby Town in the Evo-Stick League Northern Premier division.
Maduako joined the City Academy last season, signing his first professional contract with the Foxes at the end of the campaign and subsequently becoming a regular for the Under-21s this season.
Meanwhile, City have added promising youngster Karlton Watson to the Club’s Under-21 ranks.
Subject to clearance being received from the FA and the Football League, the 20-year-old defender will join the Club’s development squad under the guidance of coach Steve Beaglehole, after signing a professional contract this week.